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1.
Jesús Vera Raimundo Jimnez David Crdenas Beatriz Redondo Jos Antonio García 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):587-594
BackgroundAthletes tend to have better visuo-motor performance than do sedentary individuals. However, several basic visual-function and perceptual parameters remain unexplored to date. In this study, we investigated whether differences exist in visual function, performance, and processing between basketball players and individuals without a sport-involvement background.MethodsA total of 33 healthy men with no visual impairment or pathology were divided into 2 groups, depending on the involvement in sport (semi-professional basketball players and sedentary individuals). We tested their baseline heart-rate variability in the resting position apart from subjective questionnaires to determine their physical fitness level, and we checked their visual function, performance, and processing through an extended battery of optometric tests.ResultsThe 2 groups differed in resting heart-rate variability parameters (p < 0.001), confirming their dissimilarities in regular time practising sports per week. The basketball players showed a closer breakpoint and recovery nearpoint of convergence, a higher fusional-vergence rate, better discriminability halos, and better eye–hand coordination (all p values < 0.05).ConclusionThese results show evidence that athletes, basketball players in this case, exhibit better performance in several visual abilities in comparison to a group of individuals without sporting backgrounds, suggesting an improvement due to the systematic involvement of those skills during basketball practice. 相似文献
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体医融合是党和政府提出的健康中国国家战略的具体实施措施之一,它不仅为体育健康产业与医疗行业的结合指明了方向,而且也将促成一个新的行业,或者说是体育健康产业中的一个新的分支。体医融合需要实现体育运动促进健康过程的量化控制,实现医学治疗与运动锻炼的完美结合,因此它是新事物,需要从基础研究到管理、实施全方位的创新与构建。 相似文献
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体医融合是获得健康的根本法则之一,是民族健康强盛的必然要求。探索我国体医融合之路,必须基于文化自信,紧跟时代主旋律,借鉴传统体育和中医融合的历史经验及其启示。仔细体会传统体育中武术、养身体操等运动对体医融合的贡献,在学习借鉴传统体育和传统医学的基础上,探讨如何走出一条政府主导、社会协同、学校先行、法制健全的协同发展道路。研究认为体医融合试点践行中,可以在以下四个方面加大力度:制度保障,法规护航;培养人才,科学指导;学校为主,三教合一;媒介传播,课程参与。 相似文献
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徐建清 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(6):78-85
为有效预防竞技运动损伤,促进业界重视心理因素在预防损伤中的作用,对国外竞技运动损伤心理预防的概念模型和框架进行梳理,发现各类心理因素对发生运动损伤的影响路径被进一步整合和细化,不同水平层次的社会心理学因素开始受到重视,无论是特质理论还是应激—损伤理论、行动理论、状态理论,都强调了压力反应这一重要变量,全面、多方位考察风险文化和行为以及生物心理社会因素互动的理论视角是该主题未来的趋势。未来需要规范运动损伤的定义和测量方法,有必要开展运动员及其有关情况的针对性调查,还应该注重重复测量研究设计以及使用被忽视的结构方程模型检验变量的中介效应。 相似文献
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近年来,大学生身体素质不佳,已成为"老大难",也是刻不容缓需要解决的问题,多地曾出现在体测、运动会、马拉松中晕倒甚至猝死事件,这给学校体育工作的开展带来不小的考验。带着因涉跑引起猝死的疑问,通过猝死案例分析,探究高校大学生猝死的病理学的非运动成因。研究认为:涉跑猝死的主因是先天性生理疾病,运动不是引发猝死的主要诱因,并提出了预防运动猝死的"堵疏结合"的医学监控策略和体医融合防卫机制构建方法。建议通过入校时医学筛查、跑前医学检查、跑中医学观察、猝死现场急救、跑后跟踪复查降低猝死风险;建立宿舍、运动场地、运动项目的全覆盖的心脏复苏志愿队伍,实施"黄金8分钟"内的急救生存链;建立学生、学校、政府、社会四方体育运动分级分类保险制度,从风险转移和人道主义援助进行关怀;建立涉跑猝死、猝死、非正常死亡的数据库,开展非正常死亡人员的病理学研究;建立全生命周期医学监控和健康安全宣传教育,形成全方位、全过程、全人员的体医融合防卫机制。 相似文献
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运动作为防治疾病的一味"药",正迅速被越来越多的医生所认可,并走进了大众的日常生活。运动既然是"药",就不该是"多多益善",而应该是"量体裁衣"、个性化定制,也因此需要处方。文章旨在回顾运动处方过去和现在的发展与对未来发展需求的猜测,对这个方兴未艾的领域增进了解,并进行系统介绍。追溯运动处方的研究和发展历史,大致可以分为4个时期3个阶段,从认识到运动对健康的重要性到运动成为防病治病的良药以及运动处方的发展走过了近70年的历程。国外大量科学的研究(尤其是追踪研究)和数据是支持运动处方不断前进的基石。从运动处方科学发展中所学到的智慧将会对中国传统运动处方的建设、中国大众的健康促进作出积极贡献。 相似文献
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Rene A. Gonzales Gordon Ferns Marc A. T. M. Vorstenbosch Claire F. Smith 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(6):707-720
Spatial ability (SA) is the cognitive capacity to understand and mentally manipulate concepts of objects, remembering relationships among their parts and those of their surroundings. Spatial ability provides a learning advantage in science and may be useful in anatomy and technical skills in health care. This study aimed to assess the relationship between SA and anatomy scores in first- and second-year medical students. The training sessions focused on the analysis of the spatial component of objects' structure and their interaction as applied to medicine; SA was tested using the Visualization of Rotation (ROT) test. The intervention group (n = 29) received training and their pre- and post-training scores for the SA tests were compared to a control group (n = 75). Both groups improved their mean scores in the follow-up SA test (P < 0.010). There was no significant difference in SA scores between the groups for either SA test (P = 0.31, P = 0.90). The SA scores for female students were significantly lower than for male students, both at baseline and follow-up (P < 0.010). Anatomy training and assessment were administered by the anatomy department of the medical school, and examination scores were not significantly different between the two groups post-intervention (P = 0.33). However, participants with scores in the bottom quartile for SA performed worse in the anatomy questions (P < 0.001). Spatial awareness training did not improve SA or anatomy scores; however, SA may identify students who may benefit from additional academic support. 相似文献
10.
Larry A. Tucker 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1026-1035
ABSTRACTThe length of telomeres is an objective measure of biologic ageing. This study evaluated the extent minutes of walking per week are associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in a random sample of 5,823 U.S. adults. The investigation was cross-sectional and data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). LTL was measured by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Walking minutes was calculated from walking frequency and duration measures. Results showed that for each year of chronological age, telomeres were 15.6 base pairs shorter (P < 0.0001). With walking minutes and LTL treated as continuous variables, the relationship was quadratic, not linear (F = 11.2, P = 0.0023). With walking time divided into three categories, adults who performed ≥ 150 minutes of walking per week had longer telomeres than those who did no regular walking, and those who did some, but less than the recommendation (F = 5.0, P = 0.0137). Regular walkers were estimated to have a biologic ageing advantage associated with 6.5–7.6 years less biologic ageing compared to non-walkers, after adjusting for covariates. Additional investigations designed to study causality and the mechanisms associated with the walking and LTL relationship are needed. 相似文献